Cytogenetic and immunological efficacy of nicotiflorin and rutin combination on gamma irradiated rats

Cytogenetic and immunological damages after ionizing radiation exposure are critical factors that lead to many different events and consequences cascade reactions starting from inflammation, ending with cell damage. These biological events if not well controlled will lead to deleterious effects and cancer. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the Nicotiflorin and Rutin (NR) combination against drastic effects resulted from γ-irradiation.

Rats were divided into four groups. (Control) group, (NR) group: treated with 20mg/kg body weight orally daily one dose for two weeks, (Irrad) group: rats exposed to 6Gy as a single dose, and (NR+ Irrad) group which treated with NR combination before irradiation. Detection of DNA damage was done with the Micronucleus test (MN) and Comet assay. Immunological responses were detected by assessing inflammatory cytokines Interluekines-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and homeostasis maintenance cytokines (IL-6 & IL-10).

Irradiated group recorded a significant increase in micronuclei (MNi) incidences and significant DNA fragmentation. As well, immunological parameters displayed a significant increase in all measured interleukins except IL-10 which recorded a significant decline. The group injected with NR before irradiation showed significant improvement in all measured parameters.

The efficacy of the NR combination may be attributed to its dual protective effects (cytogenetic and immunological enhancement) against damage caused by γ-irradiation.