Social Thinking in Western Studies from the Perspective of Allameh Tabatabaei

Due to being contemporary with the challenging issues of the modern world and its consequences in the Islamic world, Allameh Tabatabaei has conducted a comparative study of Islam and the West in many religious, philosophical, social, and civilizational aspects. This worthy entry of his as a philosopher in the field of western studies is of great importance. Examining Allameh's methodological dimensions in Western studies, recognizing our relationship with the West, examining some important aspects of Allameh's Western studies, are important issues that are pursued in this study by referring to Allameh's works. Through analyzing the phenomenon of westernization, he considers correct Western studies possible with social thinking, and by using the comparative method, with a social approach and according to the theoretical foundations of the West, he shows the components of the external and internal face of the West. The epistemological consequence of modern otherness is followed in limiting science to a sensory approach and its tendency consequence is in confining pleasures and tendencies in low material matters. This historical materiality, which traces back to the church and the penetration problem, has led to the expansion of superstitions in Western civilization with the slogan of debunking superstitions. Finally, the element of liberalism and individualism has led Western thought from the "rational channel" to the "emotional channel" and has caused formalism and the weakening of the moral base and human values.