Mytho-archetypal Analysis of Devil beings in the Persian Divān of Iqbal Lāhori Based on Jung's Theory

Iqbal Lāhori is one of the contemporary thinker and philosophers that his most parts of thoughts and ideas are reflected in his Persian divān (collection of poems). While these poems are mostly composed from Philosophical and mystical viewpoints as well as his axial look to the Ideal human man and perfect man (anthropos teleios), so, these poems less attracted the attention of researchers who are familiar old mythical – archetypical approach. This research by use of the method of criticism and analysis of the text is supposed to investigate the meaning-making function of demon creatures in these poems on the basis of Jung’s theory.  The common point of Jung's psychological view and philosophical-mystical view of Iqbal lies in the relation between old patterns of 'ego' and 'shadow' in collective unconscious mind, and conscious mind in the process of individuality and self-knowledge. In this research the relation between those old patterns in the unconscious mind of the individual together with numerous examples is studied through the analysis of the roots of these old patterns in the unconscious of the individual and collective unconscious and in the structure of the human psyche. The results of the research show the meaningful relation of old pattern of the shadow or the semi-dark and hated characters of our personality with devil creatures, Iblis (Satan), dragon, demon and so on.