Legal solutions to prevent and deal with the seizure of Iranian oil exports by the US in international law

With Donald Trump's executive order and withdrawal from the JCPOA in 2018, the issue of shipping embargo was once again included in Iran's sanctions list, and the embargo of Iran's exported oil was resumed accordingly. Based on this, there are methods to deal with the seizing of Iran's exported oil, which can be effective in dealing with it.

This research was carried out in terms of practical purpose and in terms of gathering information by documentary method and through the study of valid laws and sources, and the obtained information was analyzed in a descriptive-analytical manner.

The methods that exist to prevent and deal with the seizing of Iran's export oil include dealing with the extraterritorial application of US sanctions laws, using the capacity of Iran's naval forces, using a non-Iranian flag, handing over oil transfer projects to another country. The use of new oil contracts, which is the new form of contracts concluded by the National Iranian Oil Company, is called "Iran Oil Contract" and includes all oil operations from exploration and drilling to development and exploitation and increase in harvest. Applying countermeasures is another way to deal with the seizure of Iranian oil, which was shown to be effective in the case of the Greek Lana ship.