A Review of Citizenship Participation Policy Studies in the Field of Environment with Emphasis on the Need for Basic and Public Education

The environmental problems and issues and attempt to improve the environmental conditions for humans and other creatures have been among the most important challenges faced by developing countries such as Iran for many years. It should be confirmed in such conditions that governments can’t solve all the imposed problems and damages to the environment. Therefore, some duties should be divided between government and citizens and people’s role should be changed from inactive observers to responsible citizens to improve their living environment resources. In such conditions, governors, decision-makers, and senior managers of the system won’t have any solution except alignment, engagement, and interactions to reduce the environmental problems and improve environmental indexes to rescue from these conditions. This interaction and cooperation can be studied only in the shadow of the basic and public education of members of the community of managers and officials and also resorting to the principles of sustainable development. This interaction and cooperation will be possible only in the light of the acquirable and sustainable development principles. The lack of the systematic awareness and knowledge among managers and decision-makers of the country is one of the biggest problems and challenges in this field. Thus, this research, as a developing and yet applied study, tries to examine the articles in this field and to design a policy-making pattern for civic engagement in the environmental field according to the importance of environmental plans and public engagement in developing its protection for economic plans.