Re-reading the historical appearance of Farahabad city of Sari in the Safavid period based on descriptivehistorical and visual documents

Farahabad was considered as one of the most important cities of the Safavid period; As in the period of Shah Abbas I, it was considered as the second capital; But the historical context of this city, despite being historically culturallyvaluable, has deteriorated. Since the need to preserve and recreate values in such contexts has always been considered by architects and urban designers and given the comprehensive understanding of the structure of the city in thatperiod, no research has been done based on their documents and analysis; The purpose of this article is to re-read the urban space of Farahabad during the Safavid period. This article has been formed to answer this question: Consideringthe importance of Farahabad city during the Safavid period, how were the physical structure and urban elements in this city organized and how did they relate to each other? For this purpose, the present study has been done by interpretive-historical and Field research and content analysis by applying historical texts, especially travelogues, and turning them into a spatial perception of the city. This analytical approach can ultimately re-read the image of the city. The results indicate that the spatial structure of Farahabad city in the Safavid period has special features that indicate the religious, cultural, economic nature and its place in the Safavid government. In this period, Jahannama Palace as a government component, Bazaar as an economic component, and Farahabad School Mosque as a religious component are of special importance and the main square of the city connects these elements and in connection with, conceptualized the city. These buildings are the main elements of the skeleton of Farahabad city, which not only affects the form of the city but also overshadows its development pattern. This ossification has integrated the city as a whole and has a special place in the city's spatial system; It accommodates and protects the city's court organs and is surrounded and protected from allsides by the city's residential neighborhoods. In Farahabad Square, important buildings that define the pivotal and main function of the square, namely the Government House and the Mosque, have been built along the axis of symmetry, which has special place visually; The body of the square was a row of arches that revolved around it, under these arches shops were built. In terms of design and shape, this square is similar to Shah Square in Isfahan and the buildings that surround it. According to the texts, this city did not have an external fence and due to its location and geographical conditions, it was a safe place that was easy to defend. A wide Ring road was stretched around the city. The north-south city stretched along the Tajan River and the fertile lands around it. Finally, the physical elements of the main skeleton of Farahabad city are drawn as a reconstructed map of the existing conditions, which can be the basis for determining the conditions of the city during the Safavid period and expressing the relationship between the old city and the new city.