Structural-interpretive modeling of the Affirmative Causes of Accidents Leading to Death in Snow and Ice Conditions

Background and Aim : 

Considering the severity of accidents in snowy and icy weather conditions, and the high occurrence of accidents leading to death in Qazvin province, the purpose of this article is to find and prioritize the causes that lead to the creation of all the causes of road accidents leading to death in the conditions of snow and ice in Qazvin province.

Two methods have been used at the same time, the first is the method of documentary studies: traffic police reports in accidents that occurred in one of the climatic conditions of frost, snow and blizzard, 2012-2020 years, and the method of content analysis with tools Interviews of accident experts and drivers were used, and finally, a group of 14 senior accident experts were selected as an expert panel and participated in the 6-step process of structural-interpretive modeling.

The findings showed that low horizontal visibility, slippery road, strong wind, severe cold, light reflection, high speed, fatigue and sleepiness, eating and drinking, anger and stress, use of mobile phones, non-compliance with regulations, driving in special conditions, road safety, consumption of drugs, alcoholic beverages and sleeping pills, lack of driving skills, were the most 5 main important causes of road accidents: failure to pay attention to the front, failure to observe longitudinal and lateral distance, violation of safe speed, Deviation and encroachment to the left are a violation of Article 4th . Also, the structural-interpretive modeling showed that these causes are related to each other at 3rd    level of independence, that the two causes of 3rd level extreme cold and eating and drinking have directly affected other cases, and the 4th causes of using mobile phones, anger and stress, slippage and horizontal vision Low, they are effective on the 6 factors of level.

Most of the causes originate from human mistakes; Also, in the conditions of snow and frost, the environmental factor has been assigned the second rank, which includes the meaning of weather conditions, road conditions and safety; Therefore, the main causes of road accidents leading to death in snow and ice conditions in Qazvin province are human and environmental factors, and each of the 12 causes can cause road accidents both specifically and in connection with other causes.