Analysis of Copper(II) Ions in Human Blood Using a New Solid-Contact PVC Membrane Potentiometric Sensor Based on a N,N′-Bis(salicylidene)-1,3-diaminopropane Schiff Base

The trace element copper is essential for vitality and promotes a healthy metabolism. Anemia, irregular heartbeat, bone illnesses, uremia, and hypertension are just a few of the major systemic toxic effects of copper ions. For the early detection and effective treatment of many important diseases, the assessment of copper(II) concentrations in biological fluids must be done quickly and accurately. A new copper(II) ion-selective solid contact poly(vinyl chloride) membrane electrode was developed in this study, with a neutral carrier of N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-1,3-diaminopropane Schiff base. The electrode displayed a Nernstian response to copper(II) ions over a broad concentration range (1.0×10-2 – 1.0×10-5 mol L-1) with a slope of 30.4 ± 0.5 mV/decade. The membrane cocktail could be used for more than 6 months without any potential divergence, and it had a quick response time of 5–10 seconds. The electrode was employed for the estimation of Cu2+ ions in certified blood samples and the results obtained by potentiometry were in good agreement with those by the Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) method.