Concession and Chartered Companies in the Context of Public Law

The concept of monopolistic concession and the emergence of chartered companies are based on three bases: the identification and integration of legal entities, limited liability, and monopoly. The institution of legal personality first emerged in guilds and regulated companies and the limited liability company is the product of chartered companies. But, among the three aforementioned bases, monopoly is the most prominent feature of a chartered company, namely the disqualification of citizens from an economic activity and its assignment to an internal or external person. Chartered companies are not a thing of the past; today, "charter" is also a feature of state-owned companies that are established to serve the public interest, relying on monopolies in business within the framework of law. In Iran, the law grants legal personality to such companies. This article uses a descriptive-analytical method to examine the legal basis of the emergence and disappearance of chartered companies and its impact on contemporary state-owned companies.