Sociological Investigation of Social Renovation Effect on Women Tendency to Have One -Child (Case Study: Married Women of Age 15-49 in Tehran City)

One-child phenomenon is a social issue which has become a model of life for many families. The main aim of this investigation is finding the answer to this fundamental question that how and to what extend the modern society characteristics (such as women's employment, gender socialization, individualism, rational choice, etc.) in the metropolis of Tehran is associated with women in Tehran for the orientation and acceptance of the pattern of voluntary one-child. The present study is descriptive-causal and methodologically a survey research. The statistical population in this investigation includes all the married women in productive age between 15-49 years in Tehran that 420 people were selected as samples. Sampling was done with the combination of disproportionate stratified sampling and cluster sampling and the tool used to collect information and data in this research is the researcher-made questionnaire. The results show that the orientation to one-child has the significant correlation with the individualism, rational choice, social participation; gender socialization and marriage age but there is no significant correlation with family economic status. The results also indicate that the orientation to one-child has the significant difference between different groups of employment status; in other words, in high-ranking jobs, this orientation is more. The data show that the level of education has an effect on women's orientation to have one-child; in other words, as the level of education increases, the orientation of women to have one-child increases.