One of the applications of solar cells is to supply power to floating buoys. Floating buoys are spherules that are located on the surface of seas and oceans and give different information to vessels. These spherules experience different environmental conditions, so modeling and simulating photovoltaic cells allows us to embed a cell with better efficiency and performance in them. In this paper, we study the parameters of the single diode model so that we extract the I-V, P-V diagrams and characteristics of cadmium telluride (CdTe) photovoltaic cell designed with three layers (CdTe, CdS, SnOx) through SCAPS software and using the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithm, we obtain the parameters of its single diode model. The objective function in this paper is Root Mean Square of Errors (RMSE). The best value obtained after 30 runs is 5.2217 -10 5-10 in 2.46 seconds per repetition, which indicates a very high fit of the simulated model and shows a significant advantage over many algorithms that have been done so far. The above optimization has been done with 200 iterations, 30 populations and 84 points on a server platform with 32 GB of RAM and 30 processing cores.