Analysis of MullaSadra and Spinoza's Views on Immortality, the Nature and Destiny of the Human Soul

The immortality of the soul is one of the most important philosophical issues that are closely related to man and his destiny. How to understand immortality has a profound and direct impact on human lifestyle. Philosophers and other thinkers who have thought about man and his knowledge, his nature and destiny; the issue of immortality has always occupied their minds. In this article, an attempt has been made to compare and analyze the views of two prominent philosophers, namely Sadr al-Muta'allehin and Spinoza, who have thought about the soul, immortality and human destiny and have presented a novel and different point of view. Sadr al-Muta'allehin according to his special method in philosophy; That is, the use of argument, revelation, and intuition explains the soul and immortality, and finally offers a rational answer based on logical arguments, which has led to the theory of "physical occurrence and spiritual survival" of the soul. As a rationalist philosopher, Spinoza also has a unique view of the soul and immortality that differs from that of other philosophers. In many of his works, he has studied the issue of the soul and its nature and how to explain immortality. Based on "complete ideas", he justifies and explains the immortality of the soul in other ways. In this research, Spinoza and Mulla Sadra's views on the issue of the soul and its immortality have been studied with an analytical-comparative view.