Energetic, Economic and Environmental (3E) Evaluation of Grid-Connected Wind-Powered Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Station: Effect of Wind Turbine Type

The electric car charging station, which is one of the infrastructure elements used to recharge electric vehicles (EVs), has not been developed in Iran. Therefore, in the present work a hybrid wind turbine-electricity grid system is simulated to supply electricity to an EV charging station in Bandar Abbas, located in the southern coastline of Iran. Technical, economic, environmental and energy surveys using HOMER software have been conducted over 25 years using NASA's website climate data. The use of 12 different types of wind turbines (horizontal axis, vertical axis and bladeless), many of which are not available in the software database and have been added to the database by the authors of the present work, has made the present work a comprehensive study in this field. The results showed that the Invelox wind turbine is very economical and its LCOE parameter is negative, but it cannot be used due to the high initial investment cost. The most economically viable wind turbine is the Generic 10 kW, which costs $ 0.023 per kWh of electricity generated. The most environmentally friendly wind turbine is the WES 5 Tulipo, which will reduce emissions by about 35 tons per year and has the highest amount of renewable electricity generation with 10% of the total electricity required by wind energy.