Overview the Factors Affecting the Discharge of Contaminated Insulators and Intelligent Change Some of Them to Reduce the Discharge Intensity

In this article, the most important factors affecting the discharge characteristics of high voltage insulators will be investigated. The type and severity of pollution, geographical and climatic conditions such as fog, rain, and wind, as well as the height above sea level, and finally the appearance and constituent materials of insulators will be studied as the main influencing factors in causing flashes on their surface. In addition to its severity, the type of pollution has a great effect on the electrical properties of insulators. This issue is discussed in the first section of the article for common types of pollution with different severities. Furthermore , a mixture of pollutants in the air is also examined, and the insulation waste is also shown in the case of design only based on sea salt, which is the worst type of pollution.In the next part, a review on the influence of climatic and geographical conditions has been performed, and in it, the effect of frost, wind, humidity and altitude on the start of electric discharge is discussed as the most important of them.And finally, the effect of appearance and its associated parameters as well as the constituent materials of insulators in pollution conditions are the last factors that will be considered. In addition, in this study, it has been shown how by intelligently changing these two factors, leakage current and discharge intensity can be reduced in contaminated insulators and their premature aging and failure can be delayed.