In today's competitive world, a key factor for educational institutions' success is the talent management and succession planning of human resources. This quantitative study aimed to analyze talent management and succession planning in the Iranian educational system, from the views of secondary school principals. The Data were collected from 127 principals (by conducting Cochran's formula), using a questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially by using SPSS/Windows. The findings revealed that the score of four of seven dimensions of succession planning and three of five dimensions of talent management was less than the middle of the scale spectrum. The findings of comparative analyses showed differences and similarities in respondents' views regarding the current status of talent management and Succession planning dimensions in the educational system. According to the results, some recommendations were suggested to reach the proper and desirable level of talent management and succession planning.