Antimicrobial peptides of haloarchaea: Properties and applications of halocin

The high incidence of drug-resistant bacteria is currently a major global health concern, which, of course, calls for an immediate search for new antimicrobial mechanisms. Halocins synthesized by haloarchaea are usually stable at extremophile conditions and these features have given them great potential in the field of biotechnology. In the present study, literature search was performed based on search of antimicrobial peptides derived from archaea, in several online research tools, such as Pubmed Medline, Scopus, Google scholar, Elsevier databases, Irandoc, Iranmedex, Magiran, SID and MEDLIB limited to the articles published between 1992 to 2021.The reason for the use of   archaea antimicrobial compounds can be due to the mechanism of action and accuracy in identifying the target molecule, which has been proven in studies. But the production of pure halocin is very difficult due to the difficult techniques for culturing archaea and purification the active compounds produced.Antimicrobial peptides are attractive targets for drug development. Among the important uses of halocins, we can mention antimicrobial activity, preservative for salty food products, protection of tanned skin, prevention of heart damage, anti-cancer activity and as a tool for DNA absorption.