Tailoring Bioactivity and Corrosion Properties of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidized Titanium Using GO-Silane Particles

In this study, the effects of GO-silane particles embedded into the oxide coating during Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) of titanium on the growth mechanism, bioactivity, and corrosion properties were investigated. The results revealed that participation of GO-silane particles in titanium oxidation reactions led to the preparation of the oxide coating at higher responding voltages as well as the predominance of rutile over anatase. Introduction of the maximum amount of 5 g.L-1 of GO-silane particles decreased the oxide coating thickness by about 51 % and increased its surface roughness up to around 48 %. The bioactivity of the oxide coating was improved by embedding GO-silane particles and consequently, the amount of induced calcium phosphate compounds increased. Compared to titanium in normal and inflammatory simulated body fluid, pure PEO-treated titanium promoted the polarization resistance and expanded the passivation region. Followed by incorporation of the GO-silane particles into the oxide coating, the protective function was weakened, hence the possibility of tailoring the corrosion properties according to the clinical applications.