Color allusions and their concepts in ironic literature(case Study: allusions included in some Persian dictionaries)

Color, as a visual element in the field of visual arts, has also been used in literature for a long time.Research shows that Persian writers have shown two different approaches in using colors in their poems. Some of them have shown more precision in the use of color in their poems, but others have a kind of color blindness in recognizing and using colors in their poems and use limited colors. In such a way that when presenting the image and in imaginary images, even these few colors are not used enough and usually the color in his poetry is weak and weak words and only comes to fill the weight. The purpose of this article is to investigate the ironic concept of colors in Persian ironic literature. The question that is raised is, what are the concepts of colors in Ironic literature? This research was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method, using library and internet resources, by collecting allusions found in three encyclopedias "Dehkhoda", "Amid" and "Persian allusion culture". The findings show that colors in Persian allusions have been investigated in four semantic meanings of color, i.e. description of natural phenomena (plant, animal, nature), description of human physical condition, description of miracle color and description of ideal phenomena in heaven. In Persian allusions, colors are sometimes used to express obviousness and appearance, as well as to describe a place or object, as well as to express an action. The white color, in an allusive sense, refers to the morning light, blindness and the miracle of Moses, the yellow color to describe natural phenomena such as the moon, the earth, the sun, the world, and the sky in allusions, to express the dawn and the sun, to describe the natural phenomenon of the greening of plants and Life and description of the ideal phenomena in heaven, i.e. the clothes of heavenly beings and the blue color to describe the spiritual condition of man, which attributes this color to the eyes and indicates misery, gloom and sadness. Also, the color black is used to describe the spiritual state of man both in this world and in the resurrection, such as black court, black work, black writing, and Russia.