Numerical study of forced convection in a microchannel in the presence of nanofluid using the slip condition

Micro-scale equipment has many advantages such as high thermal efficiency, high heat transfer surface-to-volume ratio, small size, lightweight, low required fluid, and high design flexibility. In the current study, the fluid flow inside the microchannel is modeled by assuming laminar, incompressible, and two-dimensional flow. The slip boundary condition is applied on the walls and the outlet of the channel is considered as fully developed. The effect of various parameters such as dimensionless slip coefficient, Reynolds number, and volume fraction of nanofluid is examined. The obtained results demonstrate that the velocity for the slip coefficient between 0 and 0.04 is higher than that for the slip coefficient between 0.04 and 0.08. Also, as the Reynolds number increases, the place where thermal development is supposed to occur moves towards the center of the channel and towards the outlet of the channel. At a Reynolds number of 10, the temperature of the fluid is enhanced rapidly due to its low velocity, and the slip coefficient does not have a large effect on the velocity profile. At high Reynolds numbers, the temperature profile has a greater effect on the slip velocity coefficient. According to the results, the amount of heat transfer is increased with the volume fraction of the nanofluid.