Antioxidant effect of pistachio peel extract and aerobic exercise on superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde in the latissimus dorsi muscle of overweight Wistar rats

The objective of this study was to detect the antioxidant effect of pistachio green hull extract and aerobic exercise on superoxide dismutase, catalase, and malondialdehyde in the external vastus muscle of overweight Wistar rats.

This study is in the category of interventional studies and is included in the category of experimental studies. In this study, 30 Wistar (female) rats with an age range of 12-13 weeks and a weight range of 180 to 200 grams were present. The samples are in 5 groups including: 1- control group (Con), obese control group (OB-Con), obese group and aerobic exercise (OB-AT), obese group and pistachio skin extract (OB-PGH), obese group and Pistachio green hull extract and aerobic exercise (OB-PGH-AT) were divided.

Exercise had a significant effect on muscle dismutase superoxide concentration (F=10.61, P=0.004, ƞ=0.347). But receiving pistachio skin extract had no significant effect on muscle dismutase suboxide concentration (F=2.42, P=0.135, ƞ =0.108). The interaction between exercise and pistachio skin extract had no significant effect on muscle dismutase suboxide concentration (F=0.75, P=0.396, ƞ=0.036). Exercise had a significant effect on catalase concentration (F=160.98, P=0.001, ƞ=0.889). Taking pistachio skin extract also had a significant effect on muscle catalase concentration (F=5.04, P=0.036, ƞ=0.201). But the interaction between exercise and pistachio skin extract had no significant effect on muscle catalase concentration (F=1.84, P=0.190, ƞ=0.084). Exercise had a significant effect on muscle malondialdehyde concentration (F=57.66, P=0.001, ƞ=0.742). Taking pistachio skin extract also had a significant effect on muscle malondialdehyde concentration (F=80.29, P=0.001, ƞ=0.801). However, the interaction between exercise and pistachio skin extract had no significant effect on muscle malondialdehyde concentration (F=0.004, P=0.949, ƞ=0.001).

In addition, adding PGH supplements to aerobic exercise can reduce oxidative damage and increase the antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase. Induction of obesity increases inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in muscle.