Optimal Location of Urban Shelters, with a Passive Defense Approach By the FAHP Method and ARC GIS Software (Case study: District 18 of Tehran)

One of the passive defense policies is to protect citizen life and reduce vulnerability during a crisis. Enemy attacks on cities with the purpose of psychological goals achievements is a military tactic widely used in recent wars. The concentration of human and material capital in cities and the ease of targeting them show the need to build shelters to reduce the vulnerability of ordinary people. In this article, in order to choose a suitable and optimal place to build a shelter in the 18th district of Tehran, library studies, field observations and interviews with experts have been performed and10 indicators have been chosen from the obtained indicators, and weighted using the FAHP method with the aims of ensuring citizen safety, multi-purpose usability and minimal construction costs. In the next step, by constructing the layers related to these indicators, shelter location has been implemented based on a systematic process in the GIS geographic information system and desirable locations in the region have been determined.