Comparison of using some organic and Nano Biofertilizers on morphologic traits and extraction components of Echinacea purpurea as a medicinal plant

The excessive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers causes environmental problems. Organic and biological fertilizers in management programs can be considered as a way to reduce utilization of chemical materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of Vermi-Compost (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 gr/pot), Nano biological Fertilizer (0, 1, 2, and 3 gr/pot), and Biochar (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 gr/pot) as well as a combination of VermiCompost-Nano-compost (10 gr vermicompost-2 gr Nano-biologic fertilizer) and vermicompost-biochar (10 gr vermicompost-2.5 gr of Biochar and 10 gr vermiCompost and 5 gr of Biochar) was conducted on some morphological traits and the amount of phenolic compounds of Echinacea purpurea L. The results showed that plants grown in VermiCompost-Biochar combination treatment had the highest amount of root length factors (29.97 cm), dry shoot weight (10.54 gr/2 kg pot) and leaf area (14745.07 mm) compared to other fertilizer treatments. In addition, the use of vermicompost-compost-nano-bio fertilizer for other treatments caused the highest fresh root weight (34.84 gr) and root dry weight (6.54 gr). The highest fresh stem weight was observed in Biochar 5 gr treatment at 35.37 gr/2 kg pot compared to other fertilizer treatments. In addition, the cultivation of Echinacea under the combined treatment of Vermicompost and Biochar had the highest amount of phenolic compounds (0.123 mg /l).