Evaluation of Inoculation Pseudomonas fluorescens and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus on Growth, Morphological Characteristics and Essential Oil Percentage of Thymus kotschyanus

To investigate the inoculation effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens and native mycorrhizal fungus on growth, morphological characteristics and essential oil percentage of Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. & Hohen., an experiment was conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands. Understudied treatments were included as Pseudomonas fluorescens, P. fluorescens and Rhizophagus clarus, P. fluorescens and Funneliformis badium, P. fluorescens and Acaulospora laevis, and control. According to the results, all treatments had a positive effect on thyme growth and P. fluorescens treat had the most essential oil percent. The results showed that all treatments had a significant effect on root volume, with the highest one in the treatment of F. badium and P. fluorescens (36.25 ml). The highest mean weight of dry and fresh root and dry plant belonged to A. laevis and P. fluorescens (p≤ 0.05) (, 13 g, 6.9 g and 32.25 g). This result confirms the synergistic relationship between P. fluorescens and A. laevis. The most amount of colonization was observed in R. clarus and P. fluorescens (94.9%). The results indicated that the synergistic intraction between P. fluorescens and native mycorrhizal fungus has different effects on morphological traits of this medicinal plant and these findings can be used to enhance the growth and yield of T. kotschyanus for organic production.