A Review of the Components of Sponge Cities based onPervious Concrete for Sustainable Development

Increased population and urbanization, on the one hand, and global warming and climate change, on the other hand, have resulted in urban hydrological problems. Seasonal floods, as well as a lack of urban water supplies in specific seasons, inflict significant harm to numerous countries every year. Following the happening of frequent floods and resource scarcity, Chinese researchers introduced a new concept of sponge cities in 2014 to progress toward sustainable development. The development of the sponge cities program will be the responsibility of government agencies due to the broad-scale coverage of the areas and the necessity for substantial coordination and licensing across the country. Pervious concrete is considered as a new technology in the development of urban spaces in order to control urban runoff in recent years in many developed countries as sponge cities. In the past, this technology was associated with technical challenges such as limited mechanical resistance, durability, clogging which were solved with the development of technology. This technology, along with other components of sponge cities introduces a new concept of sustainable development. In this study, the components of Sponge City are introduced and by reviewing previous studies, the challenges of realizing this concept are studied.