Investigating the Effect of Absorbent Parameters, Electrical Conductivity, and Water Depth in Solar Water Extraction Tanks (Distillers) for Distillation Irrigation in Greenhouse

One of the effective methods in the development of water desalination is the use of solar energy, which uses the main principles of water evaporation and distillation. Brine water enters the pan of the machine, and is then heated and evaporated by sunlight, additives and even some microbes that are separated from the water molecules during evaporation and remain in the pan. The production of pure water and no need for conventional energy sources are the advantages of this method. In this research, the effect of polyethylene absorbents with a thickness of one centimeter, and black glass on the bottom of the tanks; The depth and electrical conductivity of water were evaluated based on the volume changes of distilled water. For this purpose, in August 2018, in the Faculty of Water and Environmental Engineering of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, four solar still tanks were installed in two directions, north-south and south-north, on the roof of the distillery irrigation greenhouse. Experiments were conducted in three weeks with four treatments. (1- Tanks without polyethylene absorbent, and the water depth in them is two centimeters; 2- Tanks with polyethylene absorbent, and the water depth in them is two centimeters; 3- Tanks containing polyethylene absorbent and the water depth in them is two and four centimeters, north to south; each repetition in one week) the electrical conductivity in the tanks was 10 and 20 dS/m. The results showed that in north-south reservoirs, increasing the depth of saline water from 2 to 4 cm increased the amount of water production by 65%; Also, in this direction, tanks containing water with higher electrical conductivity caused an increase in the amount of distilled water production up to 5%, in the south-north tanks in the first week of measurement, the amount of production in a tank with electrical conductivity of 10 dS/m (tank number two) It was more than 2 liters. Finally, due to the stability of other factors involved, the difference in the total volume of produced water between the presence and absence of polyethylene absorbent in the North-South reservoirs is 22%, and for the South-North reservoirs, this difference reached 84%. The optimal conditions for water production were the presence of polyethylene absorbent, and greater water depth.