Civil liability of the government arising from internet communications in Iranian law and international documents

The issue of civil responsibility in the field of internet communication is one of the most important issues that has always been the focus of legislators. Civil responsibility can be realized at two levels of responsibility of individuals and the government. The evolution of this issue in Iranian law goes back only to the last few decades, but it has a long history in the field of international law. In Iranian law, the civil liability of individuals arising from internet communication has conditions such as realization of loss, harmful act and attribution of fault, which is based on the principle of harmlessness, respect, atonement, goodwill, etc. In terms of administrative rights and civil responsibility of the government, it seems that Mukhtar's opinion is... among different bases and theories. This type of responsibility in the field of international documents is also based on the theory of fault, which some countries, like the common law, have accepted the theory of risk as the basis of fault in the form of twin. Therefore, one of the important goals in writing this article is to examine the course of development and the foundations of civil liability arising from internet communications in Iranian law and international documents with a descriptive-analytical method. The theory of fault in the field of international documents is also variable and based on the theory of fault and twin risk.