The concept of the Persian garden from the viewpoint of western tourists and Iranian historians; Comparison of the views between foreign tourists and Iranian historians in the Safavid period

Iranian gardening is one of the most original methods in Iranian architecture. Iranians' understanding of gardening is rooted in their culture and religious beliefs. The Safavid period is one of the most successful periods in the field of gardening due to various reasons such as the power of this dynasty and the dynamism of its artistic community. The construction and use of the garden is at its peak during this period and becomes a place for court ceremonies. Foreign ambassadors and trade delegations, who traveled to Iran as the Safavid court and Europe grew closer, came to serve the Shah in the gardens of Isfahan. The main purpose of this article is to study the writings and works of these ambassadors and tourists to understand their view of the Iranian garden. In the following, the opinion of contemporary Iranian historians with the Safavid period towards the garden is examined. Finally, the views of these two groups are examined and analyzed based on the data in order to gain an understanding of foreign tourists and Iranian historians from the Iranian garden .A lot of research has been done in the field of Persian garden. This research has studied the Iranian garden in various fields and researched what it is, its concept, body, etc. Although these researches have many strengths, but the lack of research in the field of examining the views and opinions of orientalists and foreign tourists about the Persian garden in the Safavid period, and comparing their views with contemporary Iranian historians with the Safavid period makes this research unique. Therefore, the research method in this research is historical interpretation, which examines the obtained data with an analytical approach. Finally, the results are compared and it becomes clear that European tourists see the Persian garden at the same time simply full of decorations. The use of water and the way trees are plotted are new to them, and contrary to their behavior in the garden, which they consider a step, they have described the behavior of Iranians in the garden as static, and the use of the garden by Iranians is a point of view for tourists. At the same time, Iranian historians in the Safavid period consider the garden as an image of paradise described in religious terms.