Spatial distribution of soil elements and its effect on fertility using geographic information system

Survey of spatial distribution of soil elements and the pattern  of  their distribution  in order to identify the characteristics and  capabilities of the land for efficiency and sustainable cultivation  is essential. Geographical information system as an efficient tool make this possibile to produce of reliable data. The purpose of  this study is to investigate the  special distribution  of soil elements in the ajabshir plain. In this regard after receiving  the results of  soil  analysis  in 136 soil samples in  the form of 10 parameters factor and  elements of plants growth by using IDW  algorithm prepared maps of soil elements distribution  in study  area. The results of  PH  as an influential  factor  show  that  the area has  alkaline  soil. On the other hand  potassium (K)  as an essential elements, especially against salinity  stress , which is increasing  due to the decrease in the level of urmia lake in the  region  has a suitable  ration in  agricultural  farms. However , the  electrical  conductivity  is relatively  uniform  in other  parts  of  the lake , except  for  the  northwestern of the area which  shows  the  highest value. This is while the electrical  conductivity  except  for  northwestern  parts  of   the range  on the lake  shore , which shows  the  highest  value . However  the electrical conductivity  is  relatively uniform in other parts of distribution , except for the  northwestern  part of the lake shore, which shows the highest value. Although  the  results  of  the 2000 to  2022 shawl  vegetation  map  extracted using the  NDVI  index  show  a decrease  of  1495.07  hectares  of  cultivated area over  to two  decades, but the amount and  distribution of  elements indicate  the quality  and  fertility of  soil  in  this  area  which  is  exposed  to  environmental  hazards  , especially  the  spread of  saline lands  and  dust  resulting from it.