Design, simulation and fabrication of perovskite solar cell based on V2O5/Ag/WO3 transparent electrode

In this research, using the characteristic matrix theory, the three-layer V2O5/Ag/WO3 (VAW) electrode as a transparent conductive structure is designed and its optimal structure is determined. Then, a perovskite solar cell based on a VAW three-layer electrode with Glass/V2O5/Ag/WO3/PEDOT:PSS/CH3NH3PbI3/PCBM/Al structure is considered and the optical properties of the perovskite solar cell are investigated using the transfer matrix method (TMM). In the following, it is shown that the effects of changing the thickness of the WO3 layer on the optical properties of the three-layer VAW and the perovskite solar cell based on the VAW electrode are more significant than the effects of changing the thickness of the layer V2O5. The maximum short circuit current density (19.3 mA/cm2) in the perovskite solar cell based on the VAW electrode was obtained for the thicknesses of the V2O5 layer of 40 nm and WO3 layer of 55 nm, which is 12.2% higher than the calculated value for perovskite solar cell based on ITO electrode (17.2 mA/cm2). Finally, the perovskite solar cell based on the optimized VAW electrode was fabricated and the results showed that this solar cell has better performance than solar cell based on the commercial ITO electrode.