The Foundations of Tafsīr Nemūne in Interaction with Modern Experimental Sciences

One of the most important topics in Islamic theology in recent centuries is the relationship between science and religion. This discussion entered the Islamic world while Christian theologians in the West had not been able to give satisfactory answers to the mysterious questions raised in this field long ago. In recent centuries, Muslim theologians each adopted different approaches about it based on different foundations. This debate was extended to other fields of Islamic knowledge and especially affected the interpretations of the Holy Qurʾān. Among the contemporary Muslim commentators, Makarem Shirazi has also paid attention to this issue in his various books, including Tafsīr Nemūne, and has expressed his interpretive foundations in confronting the modern empirical sciences, and in the interpretation of verses related to this topic he has tried to combine between the concepts of verses and scientific propositions. In this study, an attempt will be made to describe and analyze his foundations in confronting new experimental sciences. It is aimed to defend this hypothesis that, firstly, due to the difference in the basics of the language of science and the language of revelation, matching them together as Makaram has done is questionable; Secondly, considering the impact of metaphysical issues on science, it is possible to uncover the reality of this fundamental conflict; A conflict that common sense and logic are incapable of solving.