A Review of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome in Patients with General Anesthesia Candidates for Rhinoplasty

Since rhinoplasty surgery is performed under general anesthesia and the prevalence of this type of surgery in the Iranian population is increasing at a very fast rate, and on the other hand, because there is no accurate information about the systemic inflammatory response caused by general anesthesia in candidate patients. Rhinoplasty is not available. We decided to conduct the present study with the aim of reviewing the systemic inflammatory response syndrome in patients with general anesthesia who are candidates for rhinoplasty.

Keywords such as General Anesthesia, rhinoplasty, surgical stress, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the Iranian and international databases by both authors of the present study with the help of Boolean operators (AND, OR, and NOT) were searched and the obtained studies that met the criteria for entering this study were evaluated.

The most important topics discussed by examining the number of articles include surgical stress and systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the role of immune cells in systemic inflammatory response syndrome, the potential effects of cytokine release during surgery and general anesthesia, and the role of promoting cytokines. Inflammatory in systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by rhinoplasty.

During surgical stress, neuro-endocrine, metabolic, inflammatory, and immune systems can be activated rapidly and potentially harmful consequences such as cardiac dysfunction, cardiovascular instability, endothelial activation, inflammation, vascular dysfunction, and possibly immunosuppression. Enhancing endothelium function may reduce the incidence of excessive inflammation, immune system, and complement, as well as complications such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and multiple organ/organ failure.