A Comparative Study of Moral Virtue in the Philosophies of Mencius and Farabi

This paper explores the similarities and differences in Mencius' and Farabi's perspectives on moral virtue. Influenced by aspects of moral philosophy and the ideas of Aristotle and Plato, the study presents a theoretical framework that highlights a shared approach to moral virtue and naturalism. While both philosophers embrace moral virtue, Mencius focuses on practical and partial virtues, whereas Farabi emphasizes theoretical, intellectual, and general virtues. This distinction results in several differences between their viewpoints. Mencius regards nature as the comprehensive source of ethics, emphasizing the inherent goodness of human nature. On the other hand, Farabi proposes the role of habit and practice in shaping morality. Farabi contends that morality is predominantly acquired, in contrast to Mencius, who emphasizes its innate nature. Additionally, Farabi suggests that an individual can elevate morality through habituation, a perspective not shared by Mencius.