Electronic evidence to prove claims in administrative and civil proceedings in Iran according to Imamiyyah

Today, with the expansion of information technology, electronic evidence and related documents are being stored and produced more and more. The admissibility of proof of electronic litigation is accepted in Iran's commercial law and in civil proceedings. According to the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce and Article 47 of the Electronic Evidence Citation Regulation approved in 2013, the Iranian legislator has not limited the message data only to electronic devices and any device such as video and audio folders, telegrams and optical devices are also electronic evidence. knows, but from the perspective of Islamic jurists and scholars, this issue is acceptable, has validity and proof if the document and writing has a signature or seal and remains immune from changes in a reliable way, and the issuer is certain to accept the contents, and also causes Let science be the judge. On the other hand, in administrative proceedings, the possibility of using electronic evidence can be discussed and investigated. Considering the nascentness of administrative proceedings in Iranian law and its special features, it seems that the use of these evidences in administrative proceedings is worthy of discussion. The main question that this research seeks to answer is how to cite electronic evidence in civil and administrative proceedings. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical, and the library method was used to collect the sources.