The Effectiveness of Body Language Training on Failure and Defectiveness Schemas in University Students with Academic Failure

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of body language training on failure and defectiveness schemas of university students with academic failure. This experimental study adopted a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all Qom University of Technology students, of whom 30 were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The Young Schema Questionnaire was used to collect data in pre-test and post-test stages. The experimental group received eight sessions of body language training. The results of univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups regarding their post-test failure and defectiveness scores. The results highlight the significance of body language training in helping university students struggling with academic failure.