Role of microorganisms in the developmental, prognostic, and therapeutics of gastric cancer

Gastric cancer (GC) is the most frequent destructive polyp allied to the GIT. It is reported as the foremost oncological complication with a prevalence ranks fifth and mortality ranks fourth worldwide with a survival rate of <25% in five years. In GC, men were observed as 2-3 times more susceptible to incidence and mortality than women. The GC patients experienced a burden of symptoms with multiple co-occurring symptoms including pain, weight loss, depression, fatigue, dysphagia, nausea, vomiting, etc. The risk factors of GC include infection of H. pylori, smoking, obesity, hereditary, high salt, radiation, and the frequent use of medications, etc. The role of genes, long-coding RNAs, metabolomics, machine learning, plant extracts, and nanoparticles has been studied for the progression, diagnosis, and treatment of GC. Due to the progressive stage diagnosis and lack of competent therapy, an imperative requirement is the identification of sensitive and accurate biomarkers towards the initial prognosis and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. Microorganisms execute a momentous role in human health by contributing to immune system development and accomplishing an extensive range of metabolic functions. The disturbance in the stability of the microbes may stimulate various diseases including cancer. This review focuses on the role of microorganisms in the development, prognosis, and therapy of GC.