Studying the Effect of Economic Openness on Energy Efficiency In Selection of Developing Countries

So far, no scientific study has been conducted on the impact of economic openness on energy efficiency in selection of developing countries. In this research, the impact of economic openness on energy efficiency in selection of developing countries has been investigated. In this regard, the present article has answered the question of what is the effect of openness of the economy on energy efficiency. By removing countries with incomplete information, the sample is selected for 24 countries out of a total of 87 developing countries. The data and variables related to the sample in this study are annual and due to the lack of data before 2013 and after 2020, the statistical data used in the period (2013to2020) are included. The econometric method used in this study the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM).The results of the study showed that the trade openness index has a positive effect on energy efficiency and has the greatest impact on other variables of the model. Also, inflation rate, natural resource rent, and population growth rate have a negative effect and variable the education index also has a positive effect on energy efficiency, which is in accordance with the theoretical foundations of the research.