Temperature control of smartphone batteries using nanocomposites of phase change materials

Environmental concerns and the scarcity of fossil fuels have led to the rapid development of rechargeable battery technologies. It has been proven that the performance of lithium-ion batteries is susceptible to temperature, and temperature significantly affects the capacity and power of batteries. Therefore, it is necessary to build an efficient battery thermal management system to maintain the battery's operating temperature in a safe range. Utilizing PCM.s can be an exciting option in thermal management systems of lithium-ion batteries, and several studies have been conducted about them. The biggest challenge in PCM-based BTMS systems is to overcome the problems related to the poor thermal conductivity of PCMs. Many researchers in this field proposed different types of metal fins (pinned fins, circular fins, longitudinal fins, and triangular fins), metal foams (aluminum, copper, and nickel foam), metal meshes, and carbon-based nanomaterials to increase the thermal conductivity in PCM-based BTMS systems. Some proposed carbon-based composite nanomaterials are expanded graphite, carbon nanotubes, and carbon fiber. In this article, recent developments and new methods of thermal management and performance optimization of lithium-ion batteries have been reviewed.