The Relationship Between Spiritual Health, Positive Thinking, Type D Personality, and Health Promoting Lifestyle With Death Anxiety

The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between spiritual health, positive thinking, type D personality, and health-promoting lifestyle with death anxiety in heart failure patients.

This research was analytical-cross-sectional conducted in 2022. The statistical population included all heart failure patients in Yazd city, Iran, in 2021. A sample of 200 people with heart failure disease was selected using the convenience sampling method. The data collection tools in this research included Poltzen-Wallis’s (1982) spiritual health questionnaire, Ingram and Wisnicki’s positive thinking questionnaire, personality type D questionnaire, Walker’s health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire, and Templer’s death anxiety questionnaire. The data were examined and analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. SPSS software, version 26 was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that spiritual health, positive thinking, type D personality, and health-enhancing lifestyle reduce death anxiety in heart failure patients and the relationship between the variables is positive and significant.

The results indicate that the higher the level of spiritual health, positive thinking, D personality type, and health-enhancing lifestyle among heart failure patients, the less death anxiety, and the higher the mental health of the patients, the better their quality of life.