Bi-Level Optimization Model for Coordinated Management of Integrated Transmission and Distribution Systems

In this paper, a bi-level optimization model is proposed for the coordinated management of integrated transmission and distribution networks. The problem of the security-constrained unit commitment as an upper-level problem to reduce operating costs, startup/shutdown costs, and no-load along with load shedding as a mixed integer linear programming model and the problem of optimal operation in independent distribution networks by considering renewable and non-renewable resources along with charging stations for electric vehicles as a lower-level problem to reduce the costs of purchasing power from the upstream network and reduce the costs of power outages. The resources and charging power of electric vehicle charging stations are considered a linear model. To solve the bi-level problem, the proposed lower-level model is modeled as Karush-Kahn-Tucker optimality conditions. Several different networks have been considered for validating the model and the proposed method, and the results obtained from the simulation prove the efficiency of the model and the proposed method in considering the coordinated operation of intelligent transmission and distribution networks. To show the superiority of the proposed method over other algorithms for solving multilevel models, the proposed method has been compared with decomposition algorithms, and the results show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of execution time and faster convergence.