Increasing efficiency and reliability in multicasting geographical routing based on Fuzzy Logic in VANETs

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) which are a promising approach for the intelligent transportation system (ITS). VANET protocols face high challenges due to dynamic topology and symmetric links of networks. A suitable and effective routing mechanism helps to extend the vehicular ad-hoc networks successfully. Sending data from a source node to the base station is a critical issue in VANETs. In these network, one of the efficient routing techniques is geographical routing. In this technique, vehicles are divided into several multicast groups based on their geographical regions to prevent broadcasting packets. In this paper, we improve the inter-vehicle geo-cast routing protocol using fuzzy logic and call it f-IVG. In the proposed protocol, we utilize fuzzy logic to choose a link with most link expiration time (LET) and probability adapts density (PAD) to prevent from rebroadcasting the packet. In the proposed routing protocol, effective parameters such as distance, direction and velocity are used to find the next-hop node. Results of simulation show that the proposed protocol increases packet delivery rate and decreases packet loss rate and end-to-end delay.