Association of Impaired Fasting Glucose and Coronary Artery Disease in Non-diabetic Population

Prediabetes is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The current study aimed to investigate the association between impaired fasting glucose (IFG), CAD, and coronary artery stenosis severity.

This case-control study was performed on 35-70 year-old non-diabetic individuals. Patients who had coronary artery stenosis ≥ 50% at least in one coronary artery and those with stenosis < 50% on angiography were considered as case and control groups, respectively. Patients were selected from Shahid Mohammadi Educational Medical Center in Bandar Abbas in 2018-2019. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia, family history of CAD, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine, and lipid profiles were compared between the two groups.

There were 52 subjects in each case and control group. The mean age of participants (N = 104) was 54.83 ± 9.36, and 71.2% of them were male. The mean of FPG (P < 0.0001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = 0.02), triglyceride (P = 0.007), and the HbA1c (P = 0.011) were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group. Moreover, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly lower in the CAD group compared to the control group (P = 0.006). Furthermore, binary logistic regression demonstrated that the chance of IFG was (OR: 12.49), HbA1c (OR: 12.28), and LDL (OR: 1.05) in people with CAD.

IFG and elevated HbA1c levels are significantly associated with an increased risk of CAD in the Iranian adult population.