Investigating the lethal and sublethal effects of Hexaflumoron and Flufenoxuron on some biological parameters of chrysoperla carnea Stephens. (Neuroptera:Crysopidae)

The common green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea Stephens. is one of the critical natural enemies of pistachio psyllid Agonoscena pistaciae Burkhardt and Lauterer. in pistachio orchards of the Kerman province of Iran. Considering the economic importance of the pistachio psyllid, knowledge of the interactions between the pesticides used and biological pest control agents in the case of pistachio psyllid is necessary to implement IPM programs. In this research, the effects of some Hexaflumoron and Flufenoxuron insecticides were investigated on some biological parameters of C.carnea in the laboratory and the growth chamber with temperature conditions of 26±1C°, Relative humidity of 70±5 and photoperiod 16 hours of light and eight the hour of darkness. The estimated LC50 values for Hexaflumoron and Flufenoxuron on first-instar larvae of the C.carnea were 1.8 µg/ml and 5.2 µg/ml, respectively. LC25, as a measure of sub-lethal effects for hexaflumoron and flufenoxuron was estimated as 0.66 µg/ml and 3.3 µg/ml, respectively. According to the analysis of variance, the duration of immature stages and the lifespan of adults in the treatment with Flufenoxuron and Hexaflumoron significantly increased and decreased at 1% compared to the control. Concerning the sublethal effects of Flufenoxuron and Hexaflumoron, the duration of the immature stages of C.carnea increased by 7.6 and 9.1%, respectively, compared to the control, and the lifespan of adult insects decreased by 6.9% and 10.6% respectively. No significant difference was detected between Flufenoxuron and Hexaflumoron in terms of the immature and adult lifespans. The LC25 values of Flufenoxuron and Hexaflumoron reduced the fertility of C.carnea by 19.7% and 33.2%, respectively. Also, the hatching rate of C.carnea eggs in contact with Flufenoxuron and Hexaflumoron decreased by 21.7% and 31.4%, respectively. Due to Flufenoxuron's lower effect than Hexaflumoron on some biological parameters of C.carnea, using Flufenoxuron is more recommended according to the integrated management of A.pistaciae.