Numerical analysis of the obstacle effect with different geometry on the heat transfer of nanofluid flow in a rectangular channel

In this study, investigated heat transfer of Nanofluid laminar flow in a channel with obstacles along different geometry such as triangular, rectangular and half-cylinder and the effect of adding Nano particles on based flow. The result showed that the average Nusselt number increased with an increasing volumetric fraction of nano particles. However, the increasing average Nusselt number is dependent on the type of obstacles geometry that rectangular shape is more than others, because area of heat transfer is more than other obstacles. The Nusselt number with rectangular geometry is 30% more than the Nusselt number with half-cylinder geometry. Also, using obstacles with different geometry and the adding of the nanoparticles, the hydraulic-thermal performance has been increased up to 44%. The local Nusselt number for nanofluid of volume fraction with 1% is 2.38% higher than volume fraction of nanofluid with 2%. The local Nusselt number of volume fraction of nano particle with 1% is 10% less than based fluid.