Optimization of the water supply network equipped with PATs with an environmental approach

The most important factor in reducing leakage in water supply networks is pressure management, and the best solution to achieve this aim is to put in Pressure Reducing Valves(PRVs). On the opposite hand, due to the fact that the excess pressure in the target nodes of the network is wasted by PRVs, the importance of replacing equipment such as PATs(Pump As Turbines), which, in addition to reducing leakage in the network, increases the excess pressure in the network to produce hydro-electric energy as It is important to apply renewable and environmentally friendly energy. In this article, after entering the initial information of the 25-node network, optimization of the number and position of PATs is done with the Genetic Algorithm. For this purpose, a new objective function is introduced with the simultaneous approach of "pressure management in a water supply network, electricity generation from renewable sources and reducing the effect of greenhouse gases as a result of replacing renewable energy instead of energy produced by power plants (such as fossil fuels power plants)".