Probabilistic–Possibilistic modeling of V2G parking lot with the approach of improving flexibility in the Security-Constrained Unit Commitment.

One of the advantages of electric vehicles is their mass storage capability, which can help to change the hourly generation portfolio and reduce the operating costs of the SCUC scheduling problem. On the other hand, the uncertainty in the power system can lead to an imbalance in production and consumption, and as a result, unpredictable blackouts. Therefore, studies of the flexibility of the power system have gained particular importance. In this paper, the effect of Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) on the flexibility index and operating cost of the power system has been investigated as it’s considered a quick response source. The uncertainty of electric vehicles (EVs) has been modeled using the Z-number method. In fact, this method describes the number of v2g capable charging stations in each parking lot as a probabilistic–possibilistic variable. Improving flexibility is reasonable when operating costs are at the lowest possible level. For this reason, in order to reach the expected level of flexibility, the SCUC problem has been solved, considering security and flexibility, and the numerical analysis shows the improvement of the level of flexibility with the minimum cost of operation. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, the IEEE 24-bus test system has been used.