The Study of Compatibility and Yield Stability of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Purelines by GGE Biplot

Selection of desirable genotypes with high yield and stability is the main goal of most soybean breeding programs. This study was conducted to study the adaptability and stability of seed yield of 16 soybean genotypes including: 13 pure lines and three varieties Linford, Clean and Saba. The assay was accomplished Based on a RCBD design with four replications in five regions: Karaj, Gorgan, Mughan, Zarghan (Fares) and Shahrekord and two years (2011–2012 and 2012-2013).  GGE biplot analysis was used to determine adaptability and yield stability. In combined variance analysis, the effects of “genotype”, “genotype × location”, “genotype × location × year” were significan at the 1% probability level, but the effect of “genotype × year” was not significant. The two components PC1 and PC2 explained a total of 52.9% of the variance of genotype and genotype × environment (G + GE) effects. Biplot GGE method showed that L68 (Delsoy4210 x Williams82) with a yield of 2844 kg/ha was the most favorable genotype in terms of yield and stability. In this study, three maga environments were identified, the first maga environment included the environments: Karaj 2012, Gorgan 2012, Gorgan 2012, Zarghan 2013 and Mughan 2013, The second maga environment included the environments Karaj 2013, Zarghan 2012 and Mughan 2012. The third maga environment included Shahrekord 2012 and Shahrekord 2013. Also Karaj 2013 was the most desirable environment according to the discriminating ability and representativeness of the goal environment. Since Gorgan 2012 and Gorgan 2013 were placed in the first maga environment and Shahrekord 2012 and Shahrekord 2013 were placed in an maga environment (the third), To reduce the cost, it is enough to conduct a one-year test in these areas.