Explaining the factors affecting the creation of a happy city with the approach of structural equations (Case study: Behbahan city)

If emotions are divided into six categories of anger, hatred, fear, surprise, sadness and happiness, then happiness is one of the most basic emotions that people need to achieve in their daily life. Happy city is a lively and dynamic city that facilitates social relations and creates a lively environment with high quality of life by increasing public participation. The purpose of the current research is to identify and explain the factors affecting the creation of a happy city in urban environments, especially in Behbahan city.

At first, by examining the background of the research and studies conducted, as well as considering the summation of various theories and experiences, basic indicators in the field of creating a happy city were identified, and these indicators were identified using the Delphi method and with the opinion of experts in the field of geography and planning. A familiar urban planning of Behbahan city (25 people) was modified in two stages and the general model was adjusted in most cases.

The results of the research showed that the basic factors in creating a happy city in Behbahan include spatial, physical, social, economic, aesthetic, environmental and cultural indicators. Also, in the continuation of this model, using the process of factor analysis in Smart PLS software, it was investigated and evaluated in Behbahan city, and the results showed that there is a significant relationship between each of the research indicators and happiness. Analysis using SmartPLS software showed the spatial index of creating security in urban environments, urban design (in order to create safety, accessibility, diversity and coherence of physical environments), physical indicators (including creating a safe environment for bicycle and pedestrian crossing, suitable urban design and the existence of happy elements) as well as the environmental index (including cleanliness and cleanliness in urban environments and the need to pay attention to green spaces, etc.) are considered among the basic factors of the need to create a happy city in Behbahan city, and more attention to these indicators in urban management and planning is necessary to create an environment It is a happy city in Behbahan. The results of this research are in line with the findings of Oriki and Samavati.

Among the examined criteria, the spatial, physical and environmental index are more important due to the higher path coefficient. This research, while introducing a perception of the concept of happiness in urban spaces, can be a suitable field for formulating policies and strategies for organizing and improving the quality of urban spaces in line with the state of happiness in the city. The innovation of the present research is because there has been no research on this subject in Behbahan city by studying multiple indicators and their relationship with children's happiness.