The Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based on Spiritual Schemas on the Attitude to Help and the Fascination Related to the Work of Educators of Autistic Children

According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), pervasive developmental disorders are divided into the categories of autism, RAT, child collapse disorder, and Asperger's (2). Meanwhile, autism disorder is one of the diseases of the group of pervasive developmental disorders, which is characterized by persistent destruction in mutual social interaction, communication delay or deviation, and limited stereotyped communication pattern (3). The characteristics of this disorder, as well as the sometimes difficult and late diagnosis, the appearance of symptoms after a normal child's development, the lack of definitive and effective treatments, and the not very favorable prognosis, can put severe psychological pressure on the family. And the parents of the child should impose (4).
Fascination is caused by the balance between the skill required to perform the activity and the challenge caused by the activity, so that if the challenge is more than the skill, anxiety is created, if the challenge is less than the skill, boredom and if both challenge and skill are low, apathy. appears (7). On the other hand, it is important to have the spirit and attitude to help in the work environment, especially for educators of special children such as children on the autism spectrum, because in the educational environments of children with autism, there are different views about the attitude towards seeking help. Helping attitude depends on the perceived benefit and perceived threat of help-seeking. Perceived benefit means that a person sees help-seeking as an effective strategy to promote learning, while perceived threat refers to the threat to a person's self-worth that arises by admitting the need for help (8).In general, there are few studies about the attitude towards the use of the selected approaches in this research, repeating and comparing the effectiveness of the intervention method is of great importance. By repeating this treatment method on the teachers of autistic children, if the previous results are confirmed, additional evidence is provided, and if the previous evidence is not confirmed, it provides new windows for research. Based on the researches, no research has been done in Iran regarding the effectiveness of the therapeutic approach in the educators of autistic children with emphasis on the attitude to help and fascination related to work. Based on this, despite the need to conduct a detailed study and deal with the details of the phenomenon in question, the present study tries to answer the question of whether mindfulness based on spiritual schemas has an effect on the attitude towards help and fascination related to the work of educators of autistic children. Is it effective?

In order to conduct the present semi-experimental research, which was carried out with a pre-test, post-test follow-up design with a control group, among male and female trainers of autistic children in private rehabilitation centers (Golhai Chalus, Nik-Andishan Sari and Mendan Sepid Babol) in Mazandaran, which in In the third quarter of 2019, 30 people were working in these specialized centers (under the cover of welfare organization) and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Then the subjects completed the help-seeking attitude (HAS) questionnaires of Nickel J.S. (1998) and Bakr's passion for work (2008). received for half an hour, and the control group was placed on the waiting list. After the end and 2 months later, all subjects completed the questionnaires again.Finally, descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation in the form of tables and graphs and Kolmogorov-Smironov statistical tests, multivariate analysis of variance with Bonferroni repeated measures and post hoc were used for data analysis using SPSS version 22 software.

As the results of Table 2 show: all tests of the analysis of variance of the repeated measurement of the effect of mindfulness based on spiritual schemas on the attitude towards the help of children's educators are statistically significant (p≤0.01). ). Therefore, it can be said that the effect of mindfulness based on spiritual schemas is effective on the attitude towards helping children's educators. Likewise, the square of the eta indicates that the effect of mindfulness on the attitude towards the help of children's educators is 68%.
The results of the Ben Feroni test in Table 3 show that there is a significant difference between the attitude towards help in the post-test (82/53) and pre-test (64/53), as well as between the pre-test and follow-up (83/13) (01 /0 ≥P). However, there was no significant difference in the attitude towards help in the follow-up and post-test stages (P ≤ 0.05).As the results of table (4) show, all tests of variance analysis of repeated measurement of the effect of mindfulness based on spiritual schemas on spiritual sophistication related to the work of children's educators are statistically significant (p ≤0.01). Therefore, it can be said that the effect of mindfulness based on the spiritual schemas of sophistication related to the work of child educators is effective. Also, the square of eta indicates that the effect of mindfulness on children's work-related fascination is 83%.The results of the Ben Feroni test in Table 5 show that there is a significant difference between the fascination related to the work of the trainers in the post-test (63.27) and pre-test (51.00) stages, as well as between the pre-test and the follow-up (61.67). (P ≥ 0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the fascination related to the trainers' work in the follow-up and post-test stages (P ≤ 0.05).As the results of Table 6 show: the effect of the group on the linear combination of the dependent variables (attitude towards help and work-related fascination) is statistically significant (F (10,66) = 32.187, lambda = 0.029 And the significance level of the tests is less than 1% (P≤0.01), so it can be said that there is a significant difference between the post-test scores of the experimental group and the control group in at least one of the dependent variables (attitude towards help and work-related fascination). Also, the parametric square of Eta indicates that 83.00% of the simultaneous changes of the dependent variables are explained by the independent variables.The comparisons planned in Table 7 show that the result of the test shows that the method of mindfulness based on spiritual schemas improves the attitude to help and the fascination related to work in children's educators. has become autistic (P ≥ 0.01).

In explaining the results of the present research, it can be said that since the child's speech delay and failure to communicate with others are among the symptoms that worry parents, therefore, in addition to raising parents, it is necessary for educators to play a role in their education and change. Because stereotypic behavior is one of the symptoms of autism, they include patterned movements, expressions and repetitive behaviors such as waving hands, making sounds, turning and shaking the body. In the first years of a child's life, many of the natural children's exploratory games are absent or very little. These children manipulate toys and objects in an unwanted way, and their manipulation does not have much variety, creativity, and lacks symbolic features. Their activities and games, if any, are inflexible, repetitive and monotonous. Based on this, it may cause demotivation and work burnout in the trainers, and it is better to create better internal conditions in the trainers through the use of appropriate strategies. Self-compassion is related to the feeling of loving oneself and caring about others, but it does not mean self-centeredness or preferring one's needs to others (17).