The sources of ijtihad in the thought of Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Khaled Barqi in the theological school of Qom

Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Khalid Barqi is one of the companions of Imam Javad, Imam Hadi and Imam Askari (pbh) and is one of the great hadith scholars of Imamiah in the third century of Hijri. In this article, by a descriptive and analytical method we are looking for Barqi’s methodology of inference based his book Al-Mahasen. Barqi, like his father Muhammad bin Khaled, was one of the main transmitters of the traditions of “unintentional knowledge” to Qom. Barqi has mentioned most of the narratives of unintentional knowledge with a special arrangement that can indicate the epistemological system of his line of thought. He has collected the hadiths related to education in the chapter "Al-Masabih al-Zolam" of Al-Mahasen book. After the chapter of "Reason", he has brought the chapter of "Knowledge" and by mentioning a narrative of unintentional knowledge, he stated that people do not have an obligation to knowledge and knowledge is beyond the control and authority of man. The narration of a hadith in the chapter of “Religion” indicating the granted faith shows that the meaning of the faith being Allah’s action in Barqi’s viewpoint is something that does not contradict to man’s free will. Likewise, human’s inborn knowledge which is granted in the world of “Zar” is different from other kinds of knowledge, although all of them are unintentional and actions of Allah.