Evaluation of probiotic bacteria effect on expression of VDR, IL3 and NOD2 genes in Caco-2 cell line

Probiotics are live and beneficial microorganisms that are known as a factor for prevention of infectious diseases and cancer. In this study, the effects of cytotoxicity of Lactobacillus plantarum extract on the colon cancer cell line (Caco-2) as well as the expression of VDR, IL3 and NOD2 genes were investigated.The supernatant of L. plantarum culture was collected. Then, the effects of cytotoxicity and fluidity of bacteria and Supernatant on Caco-2 cancer cell line were investigated using MTT method. Also, the expression of VDR, IL3 and NOD2 gene was evaluated using Real-Time PCR. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Investigation of the inhibitory effect of L. plantarum culture supernatant on Caco-2 cells and gene expression at different concentrations showed that 100 μL/mL for VDR, IL3 and NOD2 had the highest increase in gene expression significantly after 48 hours. The MTT test showed the highest lethality at a concentration of 100 μL/mL. Gene expression at 100 μL/mL increased significantly at 24, 48 and 72 h for VDR, 48 h for IL3 and 72 h for NOD2 compared to the control group (P <0.05). L. plantarum can be used to develop a new treatment strategy with high efficacy, low side effects, biologically safe and lower cost. Based on this, it is suggested to investigate the treatment and prevention of colon cancer using L. plantarum.